Learn about caskets and coffins, hearses through history, plus the funerals of Presidents, Popes, celebrities and more while you witness the cultural heritage of the funeral service industry and its time-honored tradition of compassion.
The History Of American Funeral Directing 6th Edition
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Funeral Director and Embalmer: Includes the counseling of families relating to conducting funeral services for dead human bodies for burial, disposition, or cremation or directing or supervising burial, disposition, or cremation of dead human bodies; and preparing a dead human body for burial or other final disposal.
Students: A student enrolled in a school accredited by the American Board of Funeral Service Education (ABFSE) may participate in a student practicum or internship in a licensed funeral establishment in Nebraska. The student may assist with funeral directing and embalming services when the student is in a recognized practicum or internship, under the supervision of the school of mortuary science, and under the direct on-site supervision and responsibility of a Nebraska licensed funeral director and embalmer.
In New Jersey, individuals must be licensed by the State Board of Mortuary Science of New Jersey to engage in the practice of mortuary science, embalming or funeral directing. Obtaining a funeral director's license is a multi-step process that includes meeting education and training requirements and passing licensure exams. Basic requirements for licensure include:
Funeral directors share a long history of service to families in the U.S. and beyond. Here you will find articles describing the funeral service profession, details about how people enter the field such as licensing and education, and stories about the wide range of activities funeral directors take part in.
During the period of resident traineeship, the resident trainee is to receive training in all aspects of funeral directing, if preparing for a funeral directing license, embalming, if preparing for an embalming license, or aspects of both funeral directing and embalming if preparing for a funeral service license. The resident trainee must submit monthly reports to the Board on documents supplied by the Board of Funeral Service.
If you wish to be licensed only as a funeral director in North Carolina, you must successfully complete all courses in the funeral directing program, and you must be a graduate of the NC Funeral Directing program (or apply for graduation from that program). You may then sit for the funeral directing exam through the Board of Funeral Service.
Call the state board in Raleigh for all testing information, including cost, dates, places, etc. Remember, there is no National exam just for funeral directing. An apprenticeship will also have to be completed, but your testing may be completed before, after, or during that apprenticeship.
in North Carolina (includes funeral directing and embalming), you must be a graduate of the funeral service program, which also means that you have successfully taken and passed the National Board exam.
As of 2000, there are more funeral homes (23,000, serving the 2.32 million deaths each year) than nursing homes(17,000, serving 1.6 million residents) in the United States. That means that each of thesecuriously-labeled "homes" attends to roughly the same number of"cases": 94 residents on average per nursing home and 101 post-nursinghome residents per funeral home. Funeral industry stocks have consistentlyproduced some of the highest returns of any industry over the past few decades. Concurrently , thisindustry has received considerablecriticism, most notably in JessicaMitford's 1963 classic, The American Way of Death . (Seealso U.S. News & World Report's March 23, 1998 cover story "The Deathcare Business: The Goliaths of the funeralindustry are making lots of money off your grief", Suzi Parker's January 12, 2001 Salon article "GetYour Laws Off My Coffin!", and perhaps listen to NPR's"The Funeral Industry" with Karen Leonard, Mitford's researchassistant.) Allegations thatits practitioners have taken unwarranted advantage of those in the throesof grief have led to Congressional hearings, new trade practices rulesfrom the Federal Trade Commission, and undercover sting operations stagedby various consumer groups. Industry regulation varies considerably, asnoted in the GAO's August 2003 report, "DeathCare Industry: Regulation Varies across States and by Industry Segment."Cemeteries have entered into the funeral servicecompetition and, unlike funeral homes, are not covered by the 1984 FederalTrade Commission Rulesrequiring itemized price lists. However, there is evidence that new understandingsare emerging between the industry and a more informed public. For instance,check out the FuneralEthics Association, whose purpose, according to its Constitution, is"to provide the public and the profession with a balanced forum forresolving misunderstandings and to elevate the importance of ethical practicesin all matters related to funeral service."Class dynamics produce an interesting twist in ourtale of cultural death-denials. Funeral directing is of few state-recognizedprofessions that provides upward mobility for those who, by chance of birth,are often thwarted in their attempts to achieve professional respect. Thisstatus has been hard won, deriving from over a century of attempts in theUnited States to expand and to legitimate its occupational purview, toestablish its craft as a "science".Cross-culturally, it is often the lower classes that were typically assignedto handling the dead, such as the Eta of Japan or the Untouchable in India.But the so-called "Dismal Trade" of eighteenth century Englandwas to evolve into a host of thanatological specialists seeking socialrecognition and status: embalmers, restorers, morticians, and some evencalling themselves "grief experts".
To give the industry and its product historicallegitimation,the National Funeral Directors Associationcommissioned Robert Habenstein and William Lamers (1955). Their book, The Historyof American Funeral Directing, reviews the history of funeral practice in Westerncivilization from ancient Egypt on, and was required reading for years in mortuary colleges.(Tour the National Museum of Funeral Historyin Houston.) The Web ofTime has two articles on the industry's history and its products: Julian W. S. Litten's"Going inStyle-The Coffin: Its Place in Social History," and Richard Akerman's"Picture Perfect: ACast-Iron Case." See also John L. Konefes and Michael K. McGee's "OldCemeteries, Arsenic, and Health Safety."
There can be little question that the embalmedbody is the cornerstone of this industry.Without it there would be no need for all of the accoutrements for "viewings":slumber rooms, elaborate coffins, or funerary apparels. Thus it is in the interest oftheindustry for Americans to believe that a funeral without a body is like a marriageceremony without the bride or like a baptism without an infant. Cremations often meanno open casket ceremonies. In our own class surveys,students preferring burial were well over twice as likely to approve of "lying in state" thanthose preferring to be cremated. Now, with more than one out of five deceasedAmericans now being cremated (with rates being projected to increase to nearly one-thirdby 2010--click here to see state rates) is it not interesting to see casket companies writingabout cremation? (It should come as no surprise that such serious mattersinvite humor and parody, such as funeralguy.comwith "a lighter look of the world of funerals, cemeteries, death andthe death care industries...") For a history of this means of bodydisposal in America see LauraMiller's review of Stephen Prothero's Purified by Fire in Salon.com. The Internet Cremation Society billsitself as "the number one visited cremation site in the world." The cremation industry is, not surprisingly, becoming increasinglydifferentiated. There are companies, for instance, that willturn cremains into jewelry. EternalReefs will "Turn your Loved One's Ashes into a Living Coral Reef." Space Services Inc., formerly Celestis, will launch one's remainsinto space! 2ff7e9595c
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